前不久Dixin的博客上说fMRI被用在测谎上。
现在TMS也来了。
但是这次是以严谨的peer review刊物来的，或许对我们有借鉴意义吧。
via
Behavioral science and the Law
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122239989/abstract
Tools for noninvasive stimulation of the brain, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), have provided new insights in the study of brain-behavior relationships due to their ability to directly alter cortical activity. In particular, TMS and tDCS have proven to be useful tools for establishing causal relationships between behavioral and brain imaging measures. As such, there has been interest in whether these tools may represent novel technologies for deception detection by altering a person's ability to engage brain networks involved in conscious deceit. Investigation of deceptive behavior using noninvasive brain stimulation is at an early stage. Here we review the existing literature on the application of noninvasive brain stimulation in the study of deception. Whether such approaches could be usefully applied to the detection of deception by altering a person's ability to engage brain networks involved in conscious deceit remains to be validated. Ethical and legal consequences of the development of such a technology are discussed.
Behavioral Sciences & the Law
Volume 27 Issue 2, Pages 191 - 208
Special Issue: The Neuroscience and Psychology of Moral Decision Making and the Law
Published Online: 5 Mar 2009
Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
------------
Bruce Luber, Ph.D. *, Carl Fisher, B.S., Paul S. Appelbaum, M.D.§, Marcus Ploesser, M.D.§, Sarah H. Lisanby, M.D.§
email: Bruce Luber (luberbr@pi.cpmc.columbia.edu)
*Correspondence to Bruce Luber, Division of Brain Stimulation and Therapeutic Modulation, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons/New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, Unit 21, New York, NY 10032, U.S.A.
Division of Brain Stimulation and Modulation, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons and New York State Psychiatric Institute.
Psychiatry, Law and Ethics, New York State Psychiatric Institute.
§Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons.
Funded by:
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA)
wow，又是DARPA
2009年7月25日星期六
2009年7月21日星期二
Zack Lynch关于神经技术的书出版了
在美国的朋友有兴趣可以看一下。下面是他发来的内容。
"When I started reading this book, I thought Lynch's observations were rather hyperbolic. By the time I finished the book, I was stunned to realize that his points are not only rational but of urgent importance. Avoid reading this book at your peril."
- Vint Cerf, Chief Internet Evangelist, Google Inc.,
also known as the "Father of the Internet"
The Neuro Revolution
How Brain Science Is Changing Our World
Published by St. Martin's Press
History has already progressed through an agricultural revolution, an industrial revolution, and an information revolution. THE NEURO REVOLUTION: How Brain Science Is Changing Our World (St. Martin's Press) by Zack Lynch foretells a fast approaching fourth epoch that will yet again transform how humans live, work and play. Neurotechnology-new tools for both understanding and influencing our brains including brain imaging-is now being applied not only to breakthrough medicine but to almost every aspect of human endeavor, from financial markets to law enforcement to politics to advertising and marketing, artistic expression, warfare, and even to religious belief.
TNR CoverBy telling us the stories behind the brilliant people leading this worldwide revolution, taking us into their laboratories, boardrooms and courtrooms, Zack Lynch illuminates a unique, insider's glimpse into the startling future now arriving at our doorstep. The insights and revelations within THE NEURO REVOLUTION will foster wonder, debate, and in some cases consternation. Above all, though, they need to be understood by those who will be most affected-all of us.
THE NEURO REVOLUTION is the first book to provide a comprehensive view of the impact brain science will have on law, marketing, financial markets, education, national defense, religion, investing, healthcare, government and entertainment. Moreover, the book describes a new tool through which to view the future, Time's Telescope, which draws upon the history of technological revolutions to project into our common future.
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
ZACK LYNCH is the founder and executive director of the Neurotechnology Industry Organization, a global trade association representing companies involved in neuroscience, brain research centers and patient advocacy groups. He is also the co-founder of NeuroInsights, the world's leading market research firm covering the neurotechnology industry.
Please visit The Neuro Revolution website for more advance praise, information on book tour, or to purchase the book. To interview the author please contact Nadea Mina, Publicist, 646-307-5573, Nadea.Mina@StMartins.com.
The Neuro Revolution
How Brain Science is Changing Our World
By Zack Lynch with Byron Laursen
Publication Date: July 19, 2009
St. Martin's Press // Trade Hardcover
0-312-37862-9 // $25.99 // 256 pages
"When I started reading this book, I thought Lynch's observations were rather hyperbolic. By the time I finished the book, I was stunned to realize that his points are not only rational but of urgent importance. Avoid reading this book at your peril."
- Vint Cerf, Chief Internet Evangelist, Google Inc.,
also known as the "Father of the Internet"
The Neuro Revolution
How Brain Science Is Changing Our World
Published by St. Martin's Press
History has already progressed through an agricultural revolution, an industrial revolution, and an information revolution. THE NEURO REVOLUTION: How Brain Science Is Changing Our World (St. Martin's Press) by Zack Lynch foretells a fast approaching fourth epoch that will yet again transform how humans live, work and play. Neurotechnology-new tools for both understanding and influencing our brains including brain imaging-is now being applied not only to breakthrough medicine but to almost every aspect of human endeavor, from financial markets to law enforcement to politics to advertising and marketing, artistic expression, warfare, and even to religious belief.
TNR CoverBy telling us the stories behind the brilliant people leading this worldwide revolution, taking us into their laboratories, boardrooms and courtrooms, Zack Lynch illuminates a unique, insider's glimpse into the startling future now arriving at our doorstep. The insights and revelations within THE NEURO REVOLUTION will foster wonder, debate, and in some cases consternation. Above all, though, they need to be understood by those who will be most affected-all of us.
THE NEURO REVOLUTION is the first book to provide a comprehensive view of the impact brain science will have on law, marketing, financial markets, education, national defense, religion, investing, healthcare, government and entertainment. Moreover, the book describes a new tool through which to view the future, Time's Telescope, which draws upon the history of technological revolutions to project into our common future.
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
ZACK LYNCH is the founder and executive director of the Neurotechnology Industry Organization, a global trade association representing companies involved in neuroscience, brain research centers and patient advocacy groups. He is also the co-founder of NeuroInsights, the world's leading market research firm covering the neurotechnology industry.
Please visit The Neuro Revolution website for more advance praise, information on book tour, or to purchase the book. To interview the author please contact Nadea Mina, Publicist, 646-307-5573, Nadea.Mina@StMartins.com.
The Neuro Revolution
How Brain Science is Changing Our World
By Zack Lynch with Byron Laursen
Publication Date: July 19, 2009
St. Martin's Press // Trade Hardcover
0-312-37862-9 // $25.99 // 256 pages
2009年7月19日星期日
Brain stimulation combined brain imaging
Trends in Cognitive Sciences
Volume 13, Issue 7, July 2009, Pages 319-327
Concurrent brain-stimulation and neuroimaging for studies of cognition
Neuroimaging can address activity across the entire brain in relation to cognition, but is typically correlative rather than causal. Brain stimulation can target a local brain area causally, but without revealing the entire network affected. Combining brain stimulation with concurrent neuroimaging allows a new causal approach to how interplay between extended networks of brain regions can support cognition. Brain stimulation does not affect only the targeted local region but also activity in remote interconnected regions. These remote effects depend on cognitive factors (e.g. task-condition), revealing dynamic changes in interplay between brain areas. We illustrate this with examples from top-down modulation of visual cortex, response-competition, inter-hemispheric rivalry and motor tasks; but the new approach should be applicable to many domains of cognition.
Article Outline
Introduction: causal roles for specific brain regions within extended networks in support of cognition
Concurrent TMS–fMRI reveals remote effects of brain stimulation
Concurrent TMS–EEG also reveals remote effects of brain stimulation
State-dependence of remote effects in concurrent TMS–EEG
State-dependence of remote effects in concurrent TMS–fMRI
Concluding remarks
Acknowledgements
References
----
attached:
(Real time fMRI maybe necessary to understand this.)
Nature Reviews Neuroscience 9, 720-729 (September 2008) | doi:10.1038/nrn2414
Opinion: Applications of real-time fMRI
Volume 13, Issue 7, July 2009, Pages 319-327
Concurrent brain-stimulation and neuroimaging for studies of cognition
Neuroimaging can address activity across the entire brain in relation to cognition, but is typically correlative rather than causal. Brain stimulation can target a local brain area causally, but without revealing the entire network affected. Combining brain stimulation with concurrent neuroimaging allows a new causal approach to how interplay between extended networks of brain regions can support cognition. Brain stimulation does not affect only the targeted local region but also activity in remote interconnected regions. These remote effects depend on cognitive factors (e.g. task-condition), revealing dynamic changes in interplay between brain areas. We illustrate this with examples from top-down modulation of visual cortex, response-competition, inter-hemispheric rivalry and motor tasks; but the new approach should be applicable to many domains of cognition.
Article Outline
Introduction: causal roles for specific brain regions within extended networks in support of cognition
Concurrent TMS–fMRI reveals remote effects of brain stimulation
Concurrent TMS–EEG also reveals remote effects of brain stimulation
State-dependence of remote effects in concurrent TMS–EEG
State-dependence of remote effects in concurrent TMS–fMRI
Concluding remarks
Acknowledgements
References
----
attached:
(Real time fMRI maybe necessary to understand this.)
Nature Reviews Neuroscience 9, 720-729 (September 2008) | doi:10.1038/nrn2414
Opinion: Applications of real-time fMRI
A Robot That's Learning to Smile
via MIT technology review editor's blog
The UCSD robot watches itself to learn how to pull new facial expressions.
The UCSD robot watches itself to learn how to pull new facial expressions.
 |
Researchers at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD), who demoed a realistic-looking robot Einstein at the TED Conference last February, have now gone a step farther, infusing the robot with the ability to improve its own expressions through learning.
Previously, the head of the robot--designed by Hanson Robotics--could only respond to the people around it using a variety of preprogrammed expressions. With 31 motors and a realistic skinlike material called Frubber, the head delighted and surprised TED conference goers last winter.
Inspired by how babies babble to learn words and expressions, the UCSD researchers have now given the Einstein-bot its own learning ability. Instead of being preprogrammed to make certain facial expressions, the UCSD robot experiments in front of a mirror, gradually learning how its motors control its facial expressions. In this way, it learns to re-create particular expressions. The group presented its paper last month at the 2009 IEEE Conference on Development and Learning.
According to a press release from the university,
Once the robot learned the relationship between facial expressions and the muscle movements required to make them, the robot learned to make facial expressions it had never encountered.
Such an expressive robot could be useful as an assistant or teacher, or just as a means of learning more about how humans develop expressions. But a robot that watches itself in a mirror, practicing and improving how it looks, seems like another step into uncanny valley.
2009年7月14日星期二
日本科学家正在研制机械-昆虫混合体
"警察放出一群蛾子去查找远处隐藏的毒品，蜜蜂在地震的废墟里寻找幸存者，这些象是科幻小说的情节正是一群日本科学家的努力方向。他们希望能理解昆虫的大脑并为其编程，让昆虫执行人类要求的特别任务。
东京大学教授RyoheiKanzaki研究虫 脑30年，现在是昆虫-机械混合体领域的先锋人物。他的终极目标是理解人脑并重建因伤病而损害的连接，为此先仔细研究了神经元较少的虫脑。经过百万年的进 化，虫脑可控制复杂的动作，比如在飞行中捕食一只甲虫。RyoheiKanzaki希望能人工重现虫脑。他说，如果能用电路重现虫脑，那么就可以通过调节 大脑回路去控制一只真脑。
雄蚕蛾可以根据气味或体外激素追踪雌性蚕蛾一公里，Kanzaki小组已经成功地“重写”了一些蚕蛾的脑回路，用修改基因的方法让它们对光反应而不是气味，或者对其它蛾类的气味产生反应。在另一项实验中，一只雄蚕蛾被绑在类似玩具电动汽车的装置上，研究人员用雌性体味诱导它向左或右拐弯。他们发现，蛾子可以控制汽车，并可以很快适应汽车控制方式的变化。Kanzaki说昆虫或许有象人那样驾驶汽车的潜能。
建造一只比真的蠕虫爬得慢的虫子是没有意义的，他希望造出比昆虫活体强大得多的虫-机混合体。"
来源：solidot
按：脑机接口的技术看来有两类：一类是人的脑机接口（主要通过ERP、NIRS等技术）。这种技术通常都只能用在残障人士、玩游戏、意念控制家电上。还有一类是动物脑机接口，似乎这类比上一类更有应用前景，因为昆虫、老鼠等可以到达人类到达不了的区域。MIT技术评论曾把这类技术评为2009年十大技术（insect-machine hybrids）。
当然上面都是通过机器控制脑去间接控制生物体，看上去没有多少技术的想象力。还有一类会发生伦理问题，就是通过生物大脑去控制机器，或者把人脑的某个组织替换成机器。为什么这两个没有多少媒体报道呢？看起来这与国防有关系，相对机密。毕竟DARPA的人很聪明，为什么要把这两个违反伦理（可能也违反法律）的技术公之于众呢。但无论如何，这都会使得一个国家的军队力量提升。
东京大学教授RyoheiKanzaki研究虫 脑30年，现在是昆虫-机械混合体领域的先锋人物。他的终极目标是理解人脑并重建因伤病而损害的连接，为此先仔细研究了神经元较少的虫脑。经过百万年的进 化，虫脑可控制复杂的动作，比如在飞行中捕食一只甲虫。RyoheiKanzaki希望能人工重现虫脑。他说，如果能用电路重现虫脑，那么就可以通过调节 大脑回路去控制一只真脑。
雄蚕蛾可以根据气味或体外激素追踪雌性蚕蛾一公里，Kanzaki小组已经成功地“重写”了一些蚕蛾的脑回路，用修改基因的方法让它们对光反应而不是气味，或者对其它蛾类的气味产生反应。在另一项实验中，一只雄蚕蛾被绑在类似玩具电动汽车的装置上，研究人员用雌性体味诱导它向左或右拐弯。他们发现，蛾子可以控制汽车，并可以很快适应汽车控制方式的变化。Kanzaki说昆虫或许有象人那样驾驶汽车的潜能。
建造一只比真的蠕虫爬得慢的虫子是没有意义的，他希望造出比昆虫活体强大得多的虫-机混合体。"
来源：solidot
按：脑机接口的技术看来有两类：一类是人的脑机接口（主要通过ERP、NIRS等技术）。这种技术通常都只能用在残障人士、玩游戏、意念控制家电上。还有一类是动物脑机接口，似乎这类比上一类更有应用前景，因为昆虫、老鼠等可以到达人类到达不了的区域。MIT技术评论曾把这类技术评为2009年十大技术（insect-machine hybrids）。
当然上面都是通过机器控制脑去间接控制生物体，看上去没有多少技术的想象力。还有一类会发生伦理问题，就是通过生物大脑去控制机器，或者把人脑的某个组织替换成机器。为什么这两个没有多少媒体报道呢？看起来这与国防有关系，相对机密。毕竟DARPA的人很聪明，为什么要把这两个违反伦理（可能也违反法律）的技术公之于众呢。但无论如何，这都会使得一个国家的军队力量提升。
2009年7月5日星期日
一个用flash视频演示生物（神经）实验的网站
http://www.jove.com/index/browse.stp?Tag=Neuroscience
今天发现的这个网站包括神经科学的视频实验。目前最新发表的实验protocol（生物实验意义上的procedure）是波士顿大学生物医学工程系的学者对一种“活化石”动物神经电测量的实验视频。
细看了下，过去发表的还包括对海兔的实验过程。
资源比较丰富。但是还不够丰富。。。例如上面并没有说他们的一些实验器具到底是买的还是自己做的。
今天发现的这个网站包括神经科学的视频实验。目前最新发表的实验protocol（生物实验意义上的procedure）是波士顿大学生物医学工程系的学者对一种“活化石”动物神经电测量的实验视频。
细看了下，过去发表的还包括对海兔的实验过程。
资源比较丰富。但是还不够丰富。。。例如上面并没有说他们的一些实验器具到底是买的还是自己做的。
2009年7月4日星期六
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