你快乐所以我痛苦，你痛苦所以我快乐──嫉妒与幸灾乐祸的脑成像研究

When Your Gain Is My Pain and Your Pain Is My Gain： Neural Correlates of Envy and Schadenfreude
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/323/5916/937
这是最新一期（Feb 12, 2009）science上的文章，关于妒忌和幸灾乐祸的脑成像研究。日本学者做的研究。他们发现嫉妒主要涉及脑区是ACC（前扣代回），幸灾乐祸涉及的脑区是striatum纹状体。而实验1中ACC的激活预测了实验2中纹状体的激活。

而嫉妒作为一种社会威胁和社会疼痛（social pain），是你和比自己优秀的人进行比较时的一种负性情绪。社会疼痛和身体疼痛具有很高的相关，envy也不例外。ACC一般来说就是处理疼痛的脑区。

有兴趣的同学还可以看一下07年一篇关于envy的综述：Comprehending Envy（理解嫉妒）
Psychological Bulletin
2007, Vol. 133, No. 1, 46 – 64




附：
science文章的摘要
We often evaluate the self and others from social comparisons. We feel envy when the target person has superior and self-relevant characteristics. Schadenfreude occurs when envied persons fall from grace. To elucidate the neurocognitive mechanisms of envy and schadenfreude, we conducted two functional magnetic resonance imaging studies. In study one, the participants read information concerning target persons characterized by levels of possession and self-relevance of comparison domains. When the target person's possession was superior and self-relevant, stronger envy and stronger anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) activation were induced. In study two, stronger schadenfreude and stronger striatum activation were induced when misfortunes happened to envied persons. ACC activation in study one predicted ventral striatum activation in study two. Our findings document mechanisms of painful emotion, envy, and a rewarding reaction, schadenfreude.

Science 13 February 2009:
Vol. 323. no. 5916, pp. 937 - 939
DOI: 10.1126/science.1165604

scientific american也做了报道
http://www.sciam.com/podcast/episode.cfm?id=envy-related-to-physical-pain-09-02-13